College music semester exam

Treble clef

Bass clef

Fingering for B on recorder

Pointer finger and thumb

Fingering for A on a recorder

Pointer finger, middle finger, and thumb

Time period for medieval

450-1450

Famous composers from the medieval time period

Leonin and Perotin

Characteristics of medieval

Shawns, lutes, and flutes were popular, monophonic music, Gregorian chants, masses, lots of famine, plague and death.

Time period for renaissance

1450-1600

Famous composers of the renaissance period

Palestrina and Thomas Morley

Characteristics of the renaissance period

secular music on the rise, madrigals, motets, polyphonic, time of rebirth.

time period for baroque

1600-1750

Famous composers for the baroque period

Bach, Handel, and Vivaldi

Time period for classical

1750-1820

Characteristics of the baroque period

The start of opera, mostly polyphonic music, some homophonic, organ and harpsichord, concerto and fugues, heavy music, chamber ensembles

Classical composers

Haydn, Beethoven, Mozart

Characteristics of the classical time period

Clear, balanced, restrained, elegant, predictable music ideas- mainly homophonic music, some polyphonic

Times for romantic period

1820-1900

Famous composers during the romantic

Schubert, Liszt, and Chopin

Characteristics of the romantic time period

Extreme everything, frequent mood changes, drug-induced song writing, Impressionism-homophonic music some polyphonic

Time period for modern

1900-present

Famous modern composers

Schoenberg and Cage

Characteristics of modern

12 tone, atonal

Rhapsody in Blue

Gershwin, modern

The marriage of figaro

Mozart, Classical

Surprise Symphony

Haydn, Classical

Farewell Symphony

Haydn, classical

1812 Overture

Tchaikovsky, romantic

Nutcracker

Tchaikovsky, romantic

The Erlking

Schubert, Classical/romantic

Messiah

Handel, baroque

La traviata

Verdi, romantic

The well-tempered clavier

Bach, baroque

Pathetique piano sonata #8

Beethoven, classical/romantic

Ride of the valkyries

Wagner, romantic

Brandenberg concerto

Bach,baroque

4:33

Cage, modern

Threnody for the Victims of Hiroshima

Penderecki, Modern

Cadenza

A section where a virtuosic soloist could show off

Mozart, Beethoven, Classical

Concerto

Highly skilled virtuoso with orchestra.

Vivaldi, Haydn, Bach, Mozart, Beethoven-baroque/classical period

Leif motif

Wagner’s recurring theme (ritornello)

Idee Fixe

Berlioz recurring theme

Minstrels

Outcasts in society who traveled the countryside gossiping, juggling, did not write songs down

Music drama

Extremely long complex, elaborate staging, sets, costumes

Romantic, Wagner

Chance music

Aleatoric, composer gives performer list of stuff to do/performers decide

John Cage

Art Songs

Poem set to music

Romantic, Schubert, Erlking

Music Concrete

Music recorded as raw materials, manipulated on tape recorder

Reich

Aleatoric

Same as chance music

Cage

Sampling

Reuse of a portion of a sound recording in another recording

Minimalism

Emphasizes repetition and employs that there is limited music materials

MIDI

Recording and playing back music on digital synthesizers that is supported by the abilities of a computer.

Modern

12 tone music

Same 12 notes consecutively that can be used in multiple orders

Atonal, dodecaphonic, Schoenberg,

Libretto

Script of an opera

Impressionism

France

Avoiding clear sections, music wanders, delicate sound

Debussy and Modern

Nationalism

Russia

Pride in your country and where you are from

Romantic, Tchaikovsky

Neoclassicism

Return to classical forms

Stravinsky

Homophonic

One melody with accompaniment

Monophonic

One melody, no accompaniment

Medieval

Polyphonic

Multiple melodies

Renaissance and Baroque

String quartet

2 violins, 1 viola, 1 cello

Woodwind quintet

1 flute, 1 clarinet, 1 oboe, 1 French horn, 1 bassoon

Virtuoso

Highly skilled performer

Four instruments in the orchestra

Percussion, strings, brass, woodwind

Percussion

Snare drum, bass drum

Strike it

Body of instrument vibrates

Strings

Violin, bass

The string/body vibrates

Can use a bow or pluck

Brass

Trumpet, tuba

Lips vibrate

Has valves and made of metal/brass

Woodwinds

Piccolo, bassoon

Has keys and reeds

Used to be made of wood

Clarinet has _ reed(s)

Single

Oboe has _ reed(s)

Double

Bassoon has _ reeds

Double

Castrati

Castrated young boys so they sounded like little girls

Aria

Elaborate solo

Oratorios

Poor man’s opera, Handel, tells a story, no sets or costumes

Operas

Monteverdi created them, originally in Italian

A capella

All voices, no accompaniment

Gregorian chants

Monophonic texture

Pope Gregory

Beethoven

Bridged classical and romantic, deaf

Classical/romantic

Symphony #5

Cage

Silence, audience input

Modern

4:33

Palestrina

Organist and choir master

Renaissance

Missa Aeterna

Haydn

Father of the symphony

Classical

Surprise symphony

Handel

Known for oratorios

Baroque

Unto us a Child is born

Bach

Ended the baroque period, over 1000 pieces of music

Baroque

Well tempered clavier

Brahms

He was very “By the book”/traditional

Romantic

Lullaby

Chopin

Pianist

Romantic

Fantaisie impromptu

Mozart

Classical pianist

Classical

Rondo Alla Turca

Leonin

Medieval

Song?-im not sure we had one by him

Polyphonic music

Liszt

Changed the position of the piano on stage

Romantic

Hungarian rhapsodies

Mendelssohn

Pension plan man

Romantic

Wedding march

Gershwin

Wrote with brother

Rhapsody in blue

Modern

During the renaissance…

Time of rebirth of music, art, science, and religion

During the baroque…

Age of exploration-churches have less control leading tp a rise in secular music

During the romantic…

Monarchies had given away to more democracies

Spaces on treble clef

FACE

Spaces on bass clef

ACEG

Lines on treble clef

EGBDF

Lines on bass clef

GBDFA