ISC2 CC

Define confidentiality

Permitting authorised users access to info and protecting info from improper disclosure.

Define Integrity

Assurance that data has not been altered in an unauthorised manner.

Define availability

Assuring that systems and data are accessible when users need him

What are the 3 common methods of authorisation?

-Something you know -Something you have -Something you are

Define Non-repudiation

Ensures that a person or party cannot deny sending a message. Digitally signs the message which proves the origin of the message

What does HIPAA do?

protects confidentiality of a patients medical information

What does GDPR do?

Gives anyone within the EU control over what personal info companies can compile and retain about them.

Define vulnerability

Gap or weakness in an orgs protection of its valuable assets.

Define threats

Something/Someone that aims to exploit a vulnerability to gain unauthorised access

Define risk avoidance

To avoid doing something in order to eliminate the chance of risk

Define risk acceptance

Taking no action to reduce the likelihood of a risk occurring.

Define risk mitigation

Most common. Taking actions to prevent or reduce the possibility of a risk event.

Includes remediation, security controls, tighter policies and procedures.

Define risk transfer

Practice of passing the risk to another party, usually an insurance company.

Define qualitative data

data that consists of non-numerical categories

high, medium, low

Define quantitative data

numerical data

Define risk tolerance

The level of risk a company is willing to assume.

physical controls examples

Badge reader, stop sign, door lock, walls, fences, guards

Admin controls examples

AUP, emergency operation procedures, employee training

Technical control examples

Access control list

Define Regulations

Issued in the form of laws, usually carry a fine.

HIPAA, GDPR

Define standards

Used by governance to provide a framework to introduce policies and procedures in support of regs.

Define policies

guidelines used in making consistent decisions

Define procedures

Step by step detailed guide to complete a task

Define a breach

The loss of control, someone has accessed PII without authorisation.

Define an event

An occurence in a network or a system

Define an incident

An event that jeopardises the CIA of a system.

Incident response steps:

Preparation Identification Containment Eradication Recovery Lessons Learned

What will the incident response team consist of?

-Senior management -Info security professionals -Legal reps -Public affairs -Engineering reps

How often should you test your BCP?

Routinely

In terms of access control, define a subject?

A user, process, procedure, client, program

In terms of access control, define an object?

Building, computer, file, a database, printer

Basically, anything that provides a service to a user.

How does separation of duties work?

Ensures that a task is completed by multiple people.

Example: If Bob orders stock, Tod receives it.

Give examples of physical access controls:

Turnstiles, man traps, system controlled door locks, biometrics, cameras, logs, guards, alarms

Give examples of logical access controls:

MAC, DAC, RBAC

What is the upper layer of the OSI model responsible for?

Managing the integrity of a connection and controlling the session as well as establishing, maintaining and terminating comms between 2 computers.

What does layer 6 deal with?

Image files

What does layer 5 deal with?

Logical ports

What does layer 4 deal with?

TCP/UDP

What does layer 3 deal with?

Routers and sending packets

What does layer 2 deal with?

Switches, bridges, WAPS

What is a fragment attack?

Attacker fragments traffic in such a way that a system is unable to put data packets back together.

What are the 'Well known' ports?

0-1023

What are the 'Registered ports'

1024-49151

What are the dynamic ports?

49152-65535

Explain a side channel threat?

Passive, non invasive attack that observes the operation of a device using methods such as power monitoring.

3 threats directly linked with malware?

Ransomware, trojan, virus

HVAC optimum range?

64 to 81 F (18-27 C)

What does SaaS provide?

Provides access to software apps such as email of office products.

software, operating system, and the network

What does PaaS provide?

Provides an environment for users to build software.

the operating system and the network

Role Based Access Control

where the employee's job responsibilities dictate exactly which kinds of access the employee has.

DLP(Data Loss Prevention)

A tool that inspects outbound traffic to reduce potential threats.

asymmetric encryption

each party needs their own key pair (a public key and a private key) to engage in confidential communication, shows proof of origin

Hashing

to provide an integrity check

Symmetric encryption

offers confidentiality of data with the least amount of processing overhead, which makes it the preferred means of protecting streaming data.