Studied by 1 personTags & Description
Anatomy
The science of body structures and the relationships among them
Physiology
The science of body functions- how the body parts work
The six levels of organization
Chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, system level, and organismal level
Integumentary system
skin, hair, fingernails; protects body, body temperature, helps make vitamin D
Skeletal system
bones & joints
Muscular system
Skeletal muscle system
endocrine system
hormone producing glands
cardiovascular system
blood, heart, and blood vessels
respiratory system
lungs and air passageways such as the pharynx
digestive system
organs of digestive canal
urinary system
kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, & urethra
reproductive system
gonads and associated organs
the six important life processes
metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, reproduction
metabolism
sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body
responsiveness
body's ability to detect and respond to changes
movement
motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, & even tiny structures
growth
increase in body size that results from an increase in the size & number of existing cells
differentiation
development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state
reproduction
formation of new cells or production of a new individual
components of a feedback system
receptor, control center, effector
receptor
body structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition
control center
sets the narrow range or set point within when a controlled condition should be maintained
effector
structure that receives output from the control center and produces a response that changes the controlled condition
negative feedback system
reverses a change in a controlled condition
positive feedback system
strengthens or reinforces a change in one of the body's controlled conditions
disorder
abnormality of structure or function
superior/inferior
upper part of body/lower part of body
anterior/posterior
near the front of the body/near the back of the body
ventral/dorsal
near the front of the body/near the back of the body
medial/lateral
nearer to the middle of the body/farther from the middle of the body
intermediate
between two structures
ipsilateral/contralateral
same side as another structure/opposite another structure
proximal/distal
closer to origin of structure/further from origin of structure
abdominopelvic cavity
diaphragm -> groin
abdominal cavity
stomach, spleen, liver, intestines
pelvic cavity
urinary, some intestine, and genital systems
thoracic cavity
chest cavity, ribs, muscles of chest, sternum
pericardial cavity
fluid-filled space around the heart
pleural cavities
fluid-filled spaces around the lungs
radiography
x-rays
MRI
magnetic field
computer tomography
CT scan x-ray
ultrasound scanning
sound waves
CCTA scan
scan of heart
Endoscopy
visual inside organs
Radionuclide
Radioactive substance image
Note
Flashcard