Studied by 3 peopleSubstituents
________ with unbranched chains are named by replacing the- ane with- yl.
Infix
________: indicates the nature of the carbon- carbon bonds in the parent chain.
Prefix
________ that indicates the number of carbon atoms.
Suffix
________: indicates the class of the compound.
Alkyl group
________: a substituent group derived from an alkane by the removal of a hydrogen atom.
parent chain
If there are different substituents in equivalent positions on opposite ends of the ________, give the substituent that comes first in the alphabet the lower number.
Prefix
________: indicates the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain.
parent chain
When there are two or more parent chains of equal length, choose the ________ with the greater number of constituents.
Give each substituent a number to indicate the carbon atom to which the substituent is bonded
use a hyphen to connect the number to the name
Alkyl group
a substituent group derived from an alkane by the removal of a hydrogen atom
The name given to any compound with a chain of carbon atoms consists of 3 parts
prefix, infix, and suffix
Prefix
indicates the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain
Infix
indicates the nature of the carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain
-an-
all single bonds
-en-
one or more double bonds
-yn-
one or more triple bonds
Suffix
indicates the class of the compound
-e
hydrocarbon
-ol
alcohol
-al
aldehyde
-one
ketone
-oic acid
carboxylic acid
Primary carbon
carbon bonded to one carbon
Secondary carbon
carbon bonded to 2 carbons
Tertiary carbon
carbon bonded to 3 carbons
Quaternary carbon
carbon bonded to 4 carbons
Primary hydrogen
hydrogen bonded to a primary carbon
Secondary hydrogen
hydrogen bonded to a secondary carbon
Tertiary hydrogen
hydrogen bonded to a tertiary carbon
Quaternary hydrogen
hydrogen bonded to a quaternary carbon
Note
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