IB ITGS HL - 16. AI & Robotics

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65 Terms

1

AI

Creating a system that produces results comparable to human intelligence.

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2

Artificial Intelligence

Creating a system that produces results comparable to human intelligence.

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3

Artificial Neural Network

AI system that attempts to mimic the neurons and synapses in the human brain.

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4

Boolean logic

Logic in which clauses can have one of two states

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5

brute force searching

AI technique that considers all possible solutions, looking for the best.

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6

CAPTCHA

System designed to create text that is unreadable to a computer but understandable to a person, to reduce spam.

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7

chaining

Use of logical statements to come to a conclusion.

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8

Chinese Room, the

Thought experiment dealing with the idea of knowledge.

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9

computational intelligence

Approach that tries to create systems that think and learn in the same way humans do.

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10

confidence interval

Level of certainty in an answer a pattern recognition system provides.

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11

expert system shell

Software used to create expert systems.

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12

expert systems

Software designed to make the same decisions that a human expert would, in a given knowledge domain.

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13

feedback loop

Use of previous answers (right or wrong) to improve the decision making process next time.

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14

fuzzy logic

Logic in which items can have multiple values. Used in AI.

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15

fuzzy set theory

System in which items can be partial or complete members of a set. Used in AI.

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16

hand writing recognition

System to recognise human writing and convert it to text.

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17

heuristics

General rules for performing a task, used to improve the perform of searching algorithms in AI applications.

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18

IF-THEN rule

Rule used by the inference engine in an expert system to describe the relationship between key concepts.

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19

inference engine

Part of an expert system which attempts to relate the users input with knowledge stored in the knowledge base.

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20

inference rule

Rule used by the inference engine in an expert system to describe the relationship between key concepts.

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21

knowledge base

Area of an expert system where all facts about the knowledge domain are stored.

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22

knowledge domain

Area of knowledge in which an expert system specialises.

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23

knowledge engineer

Programmer responsible for entering expert knowledge into an expert system.

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24

knowledge representation

Different techniques for representing concepts and their relationships inside a computer system.

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25

logic

Rule used by the inference engine in an expert system to describe the relationship between key concepts.

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26

machine learning

Technique for making a computer produce better results by learning from past experiences.

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27

machine translation

Technique for automatically translating one human language into another.

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28

natural language processing

Techniques for processing human languages to enable a computer to understand their meaning.

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29

neural networks

AI technique that tries to simulate the human brain, using neurons and synapses.

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30

pattern recognition

Computational Intelligence technique where computers are trained on examples and learn to recognise similarities between them.

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31

Searching

AI technique that considers all possible solutions, looking for the best.

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32

set theory

Mathematical theory used in some AI techniques.

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33

speech recognition

Computer system that can process spoken language and understand its meaning.

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34

training data

Example data used in a pattern recognition system.

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35

Turing test

Proposed test to see if a computer is intelligent or not.

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36

user interface

Part of an expert system that accepts users inputs and presents answers.

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37

android

Robot designed to look like a human, with lifelike skin and other features.

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38

autonomous

Robot which operates without human intervention.

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39

camera

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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40

clamps

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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41

claws

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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42

computer vision

Techniques to let computers and robots see and understand the world around them.

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43

heat sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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44

humanoid

Robot designed generally like a human

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45

humidity sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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46

infrared sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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47

lasers

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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48

light sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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49

lights

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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50

magnetism sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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51

motors

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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52

pH sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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53

pressure sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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54

proximity sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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55

radar

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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56

relays

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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57

robot

Computerised device that performs manual or physical tasks, either autonomously or under remote control.

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58

robotic arm

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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59

robotic fingers

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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60

sensors

Input devices used to measure physical traits, such as sound, heat, or light.

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61

sirens

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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62

sound sensor

Common input device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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63

speakers

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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64

tracks

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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65

wheels

Common output device in robotics. (There are many, so 'override' the answer if you get any correct one)

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