Minerals, Marie.

Density of mineral divided by density of water is

Specific gravity

Minerals that break rough

Fracture

A mineral that breaks smoothly where the atoms are weak

Cleavage

Least reliable mineral test

Color

Reacts to acid

Effervescent

Color of mineral when powdered

Streak

How mineral reflects to light

Luster

Scratch test

Hardness

Hardest mineral with a hardness of 10

Diamond

Softest mineral with a hardness of 1

Talc

Denotes metal deposit that can be mined at a profit

Ore

Chalcopyrite

Chalcopyrite is what ore?

Copper

Quartz formula

SiO2

Purple Quartz

Amethyst

What is inside of a geode?

Quartz

Rose Quartz

Smokey Quartz

Milky Quartz

Quartz

What crystal habit is Quartz?

Hexagonal

Pyrite

What is pyrite often called?

Fool’s Gold

Formula for Pyrite

FeS2

Sulfur

Formula for Magnetite

Fe3O4

What characteristic does magnetite have?

Lodestone

Hematite

Hematite formula?

Fe2O3

Halite (NaCl)

Halite formula?

NaCl

What type of bond is halite?

Ionic (opposites ions attract)

What green mineral forms on pennies?

Malachite

Limonite

What ore is Limonite?

Iron

Three main iron ores

Magnetite, Hematite, Limonite

Galena

Formula for Galena

PbS (80% Pb 20% S)

Galena is what ore?

Lead

Missouri State Mineral

Galena

Diamond (in the rough)

Formula for Diamond?

C

What mineral shares the same formula as a Diamond?

Graphite

Graphite is used for what?

Pencils and dry lubricant

What mineral is effervescent?

Calcite

Formula for Calcite?

CaCO3

Pure Calcite

What is another name for Pure Calcite?

Iceland Spar

Sphalerite

What ore is Sphalerite?

Zinc

Asbestos

What does asbestos cause?

Mesothelioma (lung cancer)

Fluorite

Source of element that prevents tooth decay

Fluorite

Ore for metal used in automobile batteries

Galena

Mineral used in watches

Quartz

Mineral used to de-ice

Halite

Bauxite

What is bauxite the ore for?

Aluminum

Mineral used in powders

Talc

Gypsum

Uses for gypsum?

Wallboards and casts

Dolomite

Muscovite Mica

Uses for Muscovite Mica? (clear)

Computer chips, wallpaper, glitter

Biotite Mica

Kaolinite

Kaolinite is used for

Preventing the melting of chocolate, treatment for stomach

Garnet

Mineral Characteristic

Naturally occurring

Inorganic

Solid

Orderly repeating pattern to atoms

Definite crystal pattern

______ minerals contain silicon (Si) and oxygen (O), the two most abundant elements in the earth’s crust

Silicate

Over 90% of the common rock-forming minerals are

Silicates

Common silicate minerals

Quartz, biotite mica, muscovite mica, plagioclase feldspar, orthoclase feldspar

Minerals that are made up of oxygen and one or more metals

Oxides

Common oxide minerals

Hematite and limonite

Minerals that contain sulfur and oxygen (SO4) combined with other elements

Sulfate

Common sulfate minerals

Gypsum and barite

Minerals that contain sulfur and metal

Sulfides

Common sulfide metals

Galena and pyrite

Minerals that contain carbonate (CO3), a combination of carbon and oxygen, combined with other elements

Carbonates

Common carbonate minerals

Calcite and dolomite

Include elements such as chlorine and fluorine

Halides

Common halide minerals

Halite and fluorite