It 343 Final

If estimates for total discounted benefits for a project are $120,000 and total discounted costs are $100,000, what is the estimated return on investment (ROI)?

a. $20,000

b. $120,000

c. 20 percent

d. 120 percent

Which of the following is not a potential advantage of using good project management?

a. Higher profit margins

b. Higher worker morale

c. Shorter development times

d. Lower cost of capital

Which of the following is not part of the triple constraint of project management?

a. meeting cost goals

b. meeting time goals

c. meeting scope goals

d. meeting communications goals.

__??__ is the application of knowldege, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet

project requirements.

a. Program Management

b. Project Management

c. Project portfolio management

d. Requirements Management

Several application development projects done for the same functional group might best be managed as part of a __?___

a. portfolio

b. investment

c. collaborative

d. program

What is the certification program called that the Project Management Institute provides?

a. Project Management Expert (PME)

b. Project Management Mentor (PMM)

c. Certified Project Manager (CPM)

d. Project Management Professional (PMP)

Which of the following is not part of the three-sphere model for systems management?

a. technology

b. business

c. organization

d. information

Which of the following four frames of organizations addresses how meetings are run employee dress codes, and expected work hours?

a. symbolic

b. human resources

c. structural

d. political

Project work is most successful in an organizational culture where all of the following characteristics are high except for ??

a. member identity

b. risk tolerance

c. control

d. group emphasis

Which of the following is not a phase of the traditional project life cycle?

a. concept

b. implementation

c. development

d. systems analysis

Another name for a phase exit is a ?? point.

a. stage

b. meeting

c. review

d. kill

The nature of information technology projects is different from projects in many other industries is because they are very __?___

a. challenging

b. technical

c. diverse

d. expensive

What term is used to describe when an organization acquires goods and/or services from an outside source in another country?

a. exporting

b. offshoring

c. global sourcing

d. globalization

A plan is a series of actions directed towards a particular result.

a. project

b. process

c. plan

d. goal

__??__ processes include coordinating people and other resources to carry out the project plans and produce the products, services, or results of the project or phase.

a. Closing

b. Planning

c. Monitoring and Controlling

d. Initiating

e. Executing

Which process group normally requires the most resources and time?

a. Executing

b. Closing

c. Initiating

d. Monitoring and Controlling

e. Planning

What methodology was developed in the U.K., defines 45 separate subprocesses, and organizes these into eight process groups?

a. RUP

b. Six Sigma

c. PRINCE2

d. PMBOK*GUIDE

Which of the following outputs is often completed before initiating a project?

a. business case

b. project charter

c. kick-off meeting

d. stakeholder register

Initiating involves developing a project charter, which is part of the project __??__ management knowledge area.

a. scope

b. communications

c. risk

d. integration

__??__ involves measuring progress toward project objectives and taking corrective actions.

a. Initiating

b. Executing

c. Planning

d. Closing

e. Monitoring and controlling

Many people use __??__ to have a standard format for preparing project management documents.

a. templates

b. standards

c. methodologies

d. project management software

Which of the following processes is not part of project integration management?

a. close the project or phase

b. develop the project management plan

c. develop the project charter

d. develop the project business case

A new government law requires an organization to report data in a new way. Under which category would a new information system project provide this data fall?

a. regulation

b. problem

c. directive

d. opportunity

Predecessors, succesor, logical relationships, leads and lags, resource requirements, constraints, imposed dates, and asumptions are all examples of __??__

a. activity attributes

b. items on a Gantt chart

c. milestone attributes

d. items in an activity list

As the project manager for a software develpment project, you are helping to develop the project schedule. You decide that wriiting code for a ystem should not start until users sign off on the analysis work. What type of dependency is this?

a. mandatory

b. discretionary

c. technical

d. external

Which of the following statements is false?

a. Duration and effort are synonymous terms.

b. A Gantt chart is a common tool for displaying project schedule information.

c. A resource breakdown structure is a hierarchical structure that identifies the project's resource by category and type.

d. A three-point estimate is an estimate that includes an optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic estimate.

What symboll on a Gantt chart respresents a slipped milestone?

a. a black diamond

b. a white arrow

c. a black arrow

d. a white diamond

Which of the following is False?

a. The critical path is the series of activities that determine the earliest time by which a project can be completed.

b. Fast tracking is a technique for maknig cost and schedule trade-offs to obtain the greatest amount of schedule compression for the least incremental cost.

c. "Growing grass" was on the critical palth for a large theme park project.

d. A forward pass througha project network diagram determines the early start and early finish dates for each activitiy.

__??__ is a method of scheduling that considers limited resources when creating a project schedule and includes proejct completion dates.

a. Murphy's Law

b. Parkinson's Law

c. Critical chain scheduling

d. Critical path analysis

A __??__ is a document that formally recognizes the existence of a project and provides direction on the project's objectives and management.

a. business case

b. project management plan

c. project charter

d. contract

What tool and technique is used for all of the other project integration management processes?

a. templates

b. project management software

c. expert judgment

d. all of the above

What approach to developing a WBS involves writing down or drawing ideas in a non-linear format?

a. analogy

b. mind-mapping

c. bottom-up

d. top-down

Which of the following is not a suggestion for improving user input?

a. Develop a good project selection process for information technology projects.

b. Co-locate users with developers.

c. Have users on the project team

d. Only have meetings as needed, not on a regular basis.

Which tool or technique for collecting requirements is often the most expensive and time-consuming?

a. observation

b. focus groups

c. surveys

d. interviews

__??__ is a resource sacrificed or foregone to achieve a specific objective or something given up in exchange.

a. Cost

b. Liability

c. Trade

d. Money

What is the main goal of project cost management?

a. to complete a project within an approved budget

b. to ensure that an organization's money is used wisely

c. to complete a project for as little cost as possible

d. to provide truthful and accurate cost information on projects

If a company loses $5 for every $100 in revenue for a certain product, what is the profit margin for that product?

a. -$5

b. 5 percent

c. $5

d. - 5 percent

__??_____reserves allow for future situations that are unpredictable.

a. Contingency

b. Management

c. Financial

d. Baseline

You are preparing a cost estimate for a building based on its location, purpose, number of square feet, and other characteristics. What cost estimating technique are you using?

a. top-down

b. bottom-up

c. parametric

d. analagous

____??______ involves allocating the project cost estimate to individual work items over time.

a. Life cycle costing

b. Reserve Analysis

c. Earned value analysis

d. Project cost budgeting

____??______ is a project performance technique that integrates scope, time, and cost data.

a. Life cycle costing

b. Project cost budgeting

c. Reserve Analysis

d. Earned value analysis

If the actual cost for a WBS item is $1500 and its earned value was $2000, what is the cost variance and is it over budget.

a. The cost variance is -$500, which is over budget.

b. The cost variance is $500, which is over budget.

c. The cost variance is -$500, which is under budget.

d. The cost variance is $500, which is under budget.

If a project is halfway completed and its schedule performance index is 110 percent and its cost performance index is 95 percent, how it is progressing?

a. It is ahead of schedule and under budget.

b. It is behind schedule and under budget.

c. It is ahead of schedule and over budget.

d. It is behind schedule and over budget.

Which of the following is not a key output of project cost management?

a. updaes to the project management plan

b. a cost performance baseline

c. a cost management plan

d. activity cost estimates

A __??__ is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.

a. process

b. program

c. portfolio

d. project

Which of the following is not one of the top ten skills or competencies of an effective project manager?

a. leadership

b. people skills

c. integrity

d. technical skills

Project portfolio management addresses. __??__ goals of an organization, while project management addresses __??__ goals.

a. strategic, tactical

b. external, internal

c. internal, external

d. tactical, strategic

Personnel in what type of organizational structure often report to two or more bosses?

a. project

b. hybrid

c. functional

d. matrix

What is the term used to describe a framework of the phases involved in developing information systems?

a. predictive life cycle

b. extreme programming

c. systems development life cycle

d. rapid application development

Which of the following is a product or service, such as a technical report, a training session or hardware produced or provided as part of a project?

a. deliverable

b. product

c. work package

d. tangible goal

Which of the following is not an attribute of a project?

a. Projects are developed using progressive elaboration.

b. Projects involve little uncertainty

c. Projects have a primary customer or sponsor.

d. Projects are unique.

A work breakdown structure, project schedule, and cost estimates are outputs of the __??__process.

a. planning

b. monitoring and controlling

c. closing

d. initiating

e. executing

What type of report do project teams create to reflect on what went right and what went wrong with the project?

a. final project report

b. business case

c. lessons learned report

d. progress report

What percentage of the world's gross domestic product is spent on projects?

a. 25%

b. 75%

c. 10%

d. 50%

What is the last step in the four-stage planning process for selecting information technology projects?

a. information technology strategy planning

b. business area analysis

c. resource allocation

d. mind mapping

Which of the following is NOT a best practice for new product development projects?

a. Align projects and resources with business strategy.

b. Focus on customer needs in identifying projects.

c. Assign project managers to lead projects.

d. Select projects that will take less than two years to provide payback.

What is the first process in plannng a project schedule?

a. defining milestones

b. defining activities

c. estimating activity resources

d. sequencing activity sequencing

You cannot start editing a technical report until someone else completes the first draft. What type of dependency does this represent?

a. start-to-finish

b. finish to start

c. finish-to-finish

d. start-to-start

What type of diagram shows planned and actual project schedule information?

a. a tracking Gantt chart

b. a milestone chart

c. a network diagram

d. a Gantt chart

__??__ is a network diagramming techique used to predict total project duration.

a. A Gantt chart

b. PERT

c. Critical palth method

d. Crashing

Which of the following items is not normally included in a project charter?

a. a Gantt chart

b. stakeholder signatures

c. budget information

d. the name of the project manager

Which of the following is not a suggestion for performing integrated change control?

a. minimize change

b. establish a formal change control system

c. view project management as a process of constant communication and negotiation

d. use good configuration management

__??__ ensures that the descriptions of the project's products are correct and complete.

a. A change control board

b. Integration Management

c. Integrated change control

d. Configuration management

A __??__ refers to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used to create them.

a. Scope

b. Deliverables

c. Milestones

d. Product develpment

A __??__is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project.

a. WBS

b. scope statement

c. Work Package

d. WBS Dictionary

Assume you have a project with major categories called planning, analysis, design, and testing. What level of the WBS would these items fall under?

a. 0

b. 3

c. 2

d. 1

What major restaurant chain terminated a large project after spending $170 million on it, primarily because they realized the project scope was too much to handle>

a. Pizza Hut

b. Burger King

c. Taco Bell

d. McDonald's

Scope __??__ is often achieved by a customer inspection and then sign-off on key deliverables.

a. close-out

b. completion

c. validation

d. verification

Project management software helps you develop a __??__ , which serves as a basis for creating Gantt charts, assigning resources, and allocating costs.

a. schedule

b. WBS

c. deliverable

d. project plan

Which of the following is not a best practice that can help in avoiding scope problems on information technology projects?

a. Keep the scope realistic.

b. Use of off-the-shelf hardware and software wherever possible.

c. Don't involve many users in scope management.

d. Follow good project management processes.

_____ is the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.

a. Quality

b. Conformance to requirements

c. Fitness for use

d. Reliability

What is the purpose of project quality management?

a. To produce the highest-quality products and services possible

b. To ensure that appropriate quality standards are met

c. To ensure that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken

d. All of the above

___ generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project

practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside

the performing organization.

a. Quality audits

b. Design of experiments

c. Six Sigma

d. Benchmarking

What does the term kaizen mean?

a. Minimize waste

b. Maximize value

c. Do it right the first time

d. Improvement

What tool can you use to determine whether a process is in control or out of control?

a. A cause-and-effect diagram

b. A control chart

c. A run chart

d. A control panel diagram

Six Sigma's target for perfection is the achievement of no more than

defects, errors, or mistakes per million opportunities.

a. 6

b. 9

c. 3.4

d. 1

The seven run rule states that if seven data points in a row on a control chart are all below

the mean, above the mean, or all increasing or decreasing, then the process needs to be

examined for ____ problems.

a. random

b. nonrandom

c. Six Sigma

d. quality

What is the preferred order for performing testing on IT projects?

a. Unit testing, integration testing, system testing, user acceptance testing

b. Unit testing, system testing, integration testing, user acceptance testing

c. Unit testing, system testing, user acceptance testing, integration testing

d. Unit testing, integration testing, user acceptance testing, system testing

______ is known for his work on quality control in Japan, and he developed the

14 Points for Management in his text Out of the Crisis.

a. Juran

b. Deming

c. Crosby

d. Ishikawa

PMI's OPM3® is an example of a ____ model or framework for helping

organizations improve their processes and systems.

a. benchmarking

b. Six Sigma

c. maturity

d. quality

Which of the following is not part of project resource management?

a. Duration estimating

b. Acquiring resources

c. Developing the project team

d. Managing the project team

______ causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment.

a. Intrinsic motivation

b. Extrinsic motivation

c. Self-motivation

d. Social motivation

At the bottom of Maslow's pyramid or hierarchy of needs are ____ needs.

a. self-actualization

b. esteem

c. safety

d. physiological

According to McClelland's acquired-needs theory, people who desire harmonious relations

with other people and need to feel accepted have a high ____ need.

a. social

b. achievement

c. affiliation

d. extrinsic

_______ power is based on a person's individual charisma.

a. Affiliation

b. Referent

c. Personality

d. Legitimate

A _______ maps the work of a project, as described in the WBS, to the people responsible for performing the work.

a. project organizational chart

b. work definition and assignment process

c. resource histogram

d. responsibility assignment matrix

A staffing management plan often includes a resource ______, which is a column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to the project over time.

a. chart

b. graph

c. histogram

d. timeline

Buyers often prepare a ______________ list when selecting a seller to make the process more manageable.

a. preferred

b. short

c. qualified suppliers

d. BAFO

A proposal evaluation sheet is an example of a(n) ______________.

a. RFP

b. NPV analysis

c. earned value analysis

d. weighted scoring model

_______________ is a term used to describe various procurement functions that are now done electronically.

a. E-procurement

b. eBay

c. E-commerce

d. EMV

_______________ is an uncertainty that can have a negative or positive effect on meeting project objectives.

a. Risk utility

b. Risk tolerance

c. Risk management

d. Risk

A person who is risk-_______________ receives greater satisfaction when more payoff is at stake and is willing to pay a penalty to take risks.

a. averse

b. seeking

c. neutral

d. aware

Which risk management process involves prioritizing risks based on their probability and impact of occurrence?

a. Planning risk management

b. Identifying risks

c. Performing qualitative risk analysis

d. Performing quantitative risk analysis

Your project involves using a new release of a common software application, but if that release is not available, your team has _______________ plans to use the current release.

a. contingency

b. fallback

c. reserve

d. mitigation

Which risk identification tool involves deriving a consensus among a panel of experts by using anonymous input regarding future events?

a. Risk breakdown structure

b. Brainstorming

c. Interviewing

d. Delphi technique

A risk _______________ is a document that contains results of various risk management processes, and is often displayed in a table or spreadsheet format.

a. management plan

b. register

c. breakdown structure

d. probability/impact matrix

_______________ are indicators or symptoms of actual risk events, such as a cost overrun on early activities being a symptom of poor cost estimates.

a. Probabilities

b. Impacts

c. Watch list items

d. Triggers

Suppose there is a 30 percent chance that you will lose $10,000 and a 70 percent chance that you will earn $100,000 on a particular project. What is the project's estimated monetary value?

a. −$30,000

b. $70,000

c. $67,000

d. −$67,000

_______________ is a quantitative risk analysis tool that uses a model of a system to analyze its expected behavior or performance.

a. Simulation

b. Sensitivity analysis

c. Monte Carlo analysis

d. EMV

Your project team has decided not to use an upcoming release of software because it might cause your schedule to slip. Which negative risk response strategy are you using?

a. avoidance

b. acceptance

c. transference

d. mitigation