AP Human Geography AMSCO Unit 4 Politics

study of government and its policies as affected by physical geography

the defense of a bounded physical space against encroachment by other individuals

expansion to feed new growth or stagnation results (If you are not growing, you are dying)

1904: Sir Halford Mackinder's theory: take over Eastern Europe and spread outwards

Spykman's theory that the Eurasian rim, not its heart, held the key to global power

boundary is created in agreement between two parties in a treaty or other legal document

boundary is drawn on a map by cartographers and "agreed" to by two sides

a boundary marked by some visible means on the ground

a boundary created by physical features, such as a mountain, river, or strait; Missouri River

Political boundaries that are defined and delimited by straight lines; Libya and Egypt

A boundary that follows the distribution of cultural characteristics; rice or wheat based food in China

a boundary line established before the area in question is well populated; US and Canada's use of 49th parallel

A boundary drawn after a cultural landscape is already in place; N. Ireland and Republic of Ireland

a former boundary line that is still discernible and marked by some cultural landscape features; boundary between West and East Germany

a boundary line placed over and ignoring an existing cultural pattern; Berlin Conference dividing Africa

a boundary that is heavily guarded and discourages movement; N & S Korea

a boundary where crossing is unimpeded; Schengen Agreement areas of Europe

conflict over how to interpret the language of the border agreement in a treaty or boundary contract; mountain areas of Chile and Argentina

a boundary dispute on where a boundary should be; post-WWI Germany and Poland

any political or popular movement intended to reclaim and reoccupy a lost homeland

a boundary dispute that involves how the boundary functions; Syrian refugees crossing into Europe

a boundary dispute that involves conflicting claims to the natural resources of a border region; Iraq invaded Kuwait for digging horizontal oil wells

establishes how far into the ocean a state's influence extends

a belt of coastal waters extending at most 12 nautical miles from the baseline of a coastal state

24 nmi from baseline, state can enforce laws in areas of customs, taxation, immigration or pollution

to 230 miles (370 kilometers) in which state has right to explore, exploit, conserve, and manage

refers to the area of the sea beyond the national jurisdiction of any state

all of the people entitled to vote in a given election

A periodic and official count of a country's population.

the process of reassigning representation based on population, after every census

the drawing of new electoral district boundary lines in response to population changes

process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power.

dividing an opponent's voters into other districts to weaken the opponent's voter base

drawing the lines so they include as many of the opposing party's voters as possible

A politically unstable region where differing cultural elements come into contact and conflict.

A state with a strong central government that retains most of the political power

an internal organization of a state that allocates most powers to units of local government

a state in which the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly

a state with a long, narrow shape

an otherwise compact state with a large projecting extension

a state that completely surrounds another state. (Example: South Africa)

a state whose territory contains isolated parts, separated and discontinuous

the adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit.

term applied to associations created by three or more states for their mutual benefit; NATO, EU, UN

transferring responsibility for policies from the federal government to state and local governments

regional and other alliances within a state that rival the state's dominant nationalism

process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities

the transition to a more democratic political regime

all of the same or similar kind or nature

a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government.

ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states

a group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity

a country whose population possesses a substantial degree of cultural homogeneity and unity

state with more than one nation within its borders

self ruled region within another country - examples: Hong Kong in China, Northern Ireland in the UK

nation that does not have a state

nation that stretches across borders and across states

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country

forces that tend to unite or bind a country together, PET

forces that tend to divide a state, FU

domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region

exploitation by a stronger country of weaker one

European powers divided up Africa without worrying about borders or cultures

The process by which former colonies gain their independence from the mother country

the continuation, in a former colony, of colonial exploitation without formal political control

Deliberate extermination of a racial, religion, ethnicity, or nation group

the power struggle between the Soviet Union and the United States after World War II

a country that is economically and politically dependent on another country

the systematic killing or extermination of an entire ethnicity