Studied by 4 peopleFructose
________: found with free glucose in honey and fruits (e.g. apple)
constipation
Softens stool: decrease risk for ________, hemorrhoids, and diverticulosis.
Glycemic index
________ (GI): the area under the blood glucose curve seen after ingestion of meal with carbohydrate- rich food, compared with the area under the blood glucose curve observed after a meal consisting of the same amount of carbohydrate in the form of glucose or white bread.
Maltose
________: product of enzymatic digestion of polysaccharides, found in beer and ________ liquors.
Carbohydrates
________ differ in their glycemic response (GR)
Lactose
________: principal sugar found in milk.
bowel mobility
Increasing ________ during exposure of intestines to carcinogens.
Dietary fiber
________: non- digestible, non- starch carbohydrates and lignin present in plants.
Absence of dietary carbohydrate
________ leads to ketogenesis.
Soluble fiber
________ is the edible part of plants.
High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)
Corn syrup that has undergone enzymatic processing to convert their glucose into fructose and have been mixed with pure corn syrup (100 % glucose) to produce a desired sweetness.
Primary role of dietary Carbohydrates
provide energy
glucose
fruits, sweet corn, corn syrup, honey
fructose
found with free glucose in honey and fruits (e.g
HFCS 55 (55% fructose and 42% glucose)
substitute for sucrose on beverages (e.g
major difference
HFCS is ingested as a mixture of monosaccharides
sucrose
table sugar
lactose
principal sugar found in milk
maltose
product of enzymatic digestion of polysaccharides, found in beer and malt liquors
Sources of Polysaccharides
starch, wheat, potatoes, dried peas, beans (legumes) and vegetables
Dietary fiber
non-digestible, non-starch carbohydrates and lignin present in plants
softens stool
decrease risk for constipation, hemorrhoids, and diverticulosis
Glycemic index (GI)
the area under the blood glucose curve seen after ingestion of meal with carbohydrate-rich food, compared with the area under the blood glucose curve observed after a meal consisting of the same amount of carbohydrate in the form of glucose or white bread
low GI
<50
high GI
≥70
RD for for carbohydrate
130 g/day for adults and children
adults should consume ____ of their total calories from carbohydrates
45% - 65%
HFCS 55 contain
55% fructose and 42% glucose
HFCS 55 substitute for
sucrose on beverages (e.g. soft drinks)
HFCS 42 used in
processed foods
sucrose is made up of
glucose + fructose
lactose is made up of
glucose + galactose
maltose is made up of
glucose + glucose
Recommended intake (AI) for total fiber:
25 g/day for women
38 g/day for men
added sugars should represent _____ of total energy intake
no more than 10%
Note
Flashcard